Cov khoom siv av tsawg tsawg (REEs) tau dhau los ua ib feem tseem ceeb ntawm lub neej niaj hnub no, vim lawv yog cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm ntau yam khoom siv high-tech xws li smartphones, tsheb fais fab, cua turbines, thiab riam phom. Txawm hais tias kev lag luam av tsawg tsawg yog me me piv rau lwm cov khoom siv hauv av, nws qhov tseem ceeb tau loj hlob sai heev hauv ob peb xyoos dhau los, feem ntau yog vim muaj kev thov ntau ntxiv rau cov thev naus laus zis tshiab thiab kev hloov pauv thoob ntiaj teb mus rau cov chaw muaj zog ruaj khov dua.
Kev tsim cov khoom siv av tsawg tsawg tau yog ib qho uas ntau lub teb chaws thoob ntiaj teb xav paub, suav nrog Tuam Tshoj, Tebchaws Meskas, thiab Australia. Tau ntau xyoo, Tuam Tshoj tau yog tus muab khoom tseem ceeb ntawm REEs, suav txog ntau dua 80% ntawm kev tsim khoom thoob ntiaj teb. Cov khoom siv av tsawg tsawg tsis yog cov khoom siv tsawg, tab sis lawv nyuaj rau rho tawm thiab ua tiav, ua rau lawv cov khoom tsim tawm thiab muab khoom yog ib txoj haujlwm nyuaj thiab nyuaj. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau qhov kev thov loj hlob rau REEs, muaj kev nce ntxiv ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav thiab kev tsim kho, ua rau muaj cov khoom siv av tsawg tshiab raug tshawb pom thiab tsim kho.
Lwm qhov sib txawv hauv kev lag luam khoom siv tsis tshua muaj yog qhov kev thov ntau ntxiv rau cov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj. Neodymium thiab praseodymium, uas yog cov khoom tseem ceeb hauv cov hlau nplaum tas mus li siv hauv ntau yam kev lag luam thiab cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis siab, yog ib feem pua loj ntawm kev thov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj. Europium, lwm yam khoom siv tsis tshua muaj, siv rau hauv cov TV xim thiab teeb pom kev zoo fluorescent. Dysprosium, terbium, thiab yttrium kuj muaj kev thov ntau vim lawv cov khoom tshwj xeeb, ua rau lawv tseem ceeb hauv kev tsim cov khoom siv thev naus laus zis siab.
Qhov kev thov kom muaj cov av tsawg tsawg no txhais tau tias muaj kev xav tau ntau ntxiv rau kev tsim khoom, uas yuav tsum tau muaj kev nqis peev ntau hauv kev tshawb nrhiav, kev khawb av, thiab kev ua cov khoom. Txawm li cas los xij, nrog rau qhov nyuaj ntawm kev rho tawm thiab kev ua cov REEs, thiab cov cai ib puag ncig nruj heev, cov tuam txhab khawb av ntsib teeb meem loj heev uas ua rau qeeb txoj kev loj hlob.
Txawm li cas los xij, kev cia siab rau kev tsim cov khoom siv tsis tshua muaj nyob zoo, nrog rau kev xav tau cov thev naus laus zis tshiab, tsheb fais fab, thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob rov ua dua tshiab ua rau muaj kev xav tau REEs ntau ntxiv. Kev cia siab rau kev loj hlob mus sij hawm ntev ntawm lub sector yog qhov zoo, nrog rau kev lag luam thoob ntiaj teb uas tsis tshua muaj yuav tsum ncav cuag $ 16.21 billion los ntawm xyoo 2026, loj hlob ntawm CAGR ntawm 8.44% ntawm xyoo 2021-2026.
Xaus lus, qhov kev loj hlob ntawm cov av tsis tshua muaj thiab qhov kev cia siab yog qhov zoo. Nrog rau qhov kev thov kom muaj cov khoom siv high-tech ntau ntxiv, muaj qhov xav tau ntau ntxiv rau kev tsim cov REEs. Txawm li cas los xij, cov tuam txhab mining yuav tsum taug kev cov teeb meem nyuaj uas cuam tshuam nrog kev rho tawm thiab kev ua cov REEs thiab ua raws li cov cai ib puag ncig nruj. Txawm li cas los xij, qhov kev cia siab rau kev loj hlob mus sij hawm ntev rau kev lag luam av tsis tshua muaj tseem muaj zog, ua rau nws yog lub sijhawm zoo rau cov tub ua lag luam thiab cov neeg koom nrog.
Lub sijhawm tshaj tawm: Tsib Hlis-05-2023
